Circulation boosters—devices that claim to improve blood flow in the legs and feet—are widely marketed to people experiencing poor circulation, swelling, or discomfort in their lower limbs. With increasing rates of diabetes, sedentary lifestyles, and vascular conditions, many people are searching for solutions to enhance circulation and reduce associated symptoms. But do these devices actually work, and what does the clinical evidence say?
What Are Circulation Boosters?
Circulation boosters, sometimes called “leg circulation machines” or “electrical stimulation devices,” typically use electrical muscle stimulation (EMS) or similar technology. The user places their feet on electrode pads or platforms, and the device sends gentle electrical impulses through the soles of the feet. These impulses cause the muscles in the feet and lower legs to contract and relax, simulating the effects of walking or calf exercises.
Manufacturers claim that this process can:
- Increase blood flow in the legs and feet
- Reduce swelling (oedema)
- Alleviate pain, cramping, or discomfort
- Improve overall foot and leg health
Who Might Benefit from Circulation Boosters?
Circulation boosters are often marketed to:
- Older adults with reduced mobility
- People with diabetes or peripheral neuropathy
- Individuals with chronic venous insufficiency or mild peripheral arterial disease
- Anyone experiencing swollen feet or legs after long periods of sitting or standing
It’s important to note that these devices are not intended to replace medical treatment for serious vascular conditions, but are often positioned as an adjunct to standard care.
The Science Behind Circulation Boosters
How Do They Work?
The primary mechanism is electrical muscle stimulation (EMS). When muscles contract, they help pump blood back toward the heart, counteracting the effects of gravity and sedentary behaviour. This “muscle pump” action is vital for healthy circulation in the legs.
What Does the Evidence Say?
The clinical evidence on circulation boosters is mixed, but several studies offer insight:
- Increased Blood Flow: Some small studies have demonstrated that EMS can temporarily increase blood flow in the lower limbs. For example, research published in medical journals has shown that EMS devices can enhance venous return and reduce pooling of blood in the legs, especially in people with limited mobility.
- Reduction in Swelling: There is evidence that regular use of EMS devices can help reduce swelling in patients with chronic venous insufficiency or those recovering from surgery.
- Symptom Relief: Anecdotal reports and some clinical trials suggest that users experience reduced discomfort, cramping, or fatigue after using circulation boosters.
However, most studies are small, short-term, and often funded by device manufacturers. There is a lack of large-scale, independent research proving long-term benefits or superiority over traditional exercise.
Limitations and Considerations
Not a Substitute for Exercise
While circulation boosters can mimic some of the effects of muscle movement, they are not a replacement for regular physical activity. Walking, calf raises, and other forms of exercise remain the gold standard for promoting healthy circulation.
Not Suitable for Everyone
People with certain conditions—such as deep vein thrombosis (DVT), pacemakers, or specific neurological disorders—should avoid EMS devices unless cleared by a healthcare professional.
Placebo Effect and User Experience
Some benefits reported by users may be due to the placebo effect or the relaxing sensation of using the device. It’s essential to set realistic expectations and understand that results may vary.
Clinical Recommendations
As podiatrists and foot health professionals, our approach is to recommend interventions supported by clinical evidence and tailored to each individual’s needs:
- For mild swelling or discomfort: Circulation boosters may offer temporary relief, especially for those unable to exercise due to mobility issues.
- For ongoing symptoms or underlying conditions: A comprehensive assessment by a podiatrist or healthcare provider is essential. Circulation boosters should be considered as an adjunct, not a replacement, for medical treatment and lifestyle modifications.
- For healthy individuals: Regular movement, hydration, and foot care remain the most effective strategies for maintaining good circulation.
Circulation boosters can provide some benefits for specific individuals, particularly those with mild symptoms or limited mobility. Clinical evidence suggests they may temporarily increase blood flow and reduce swelling, but they are not a substitute for exercise or medical care. As with any health product, it’s important to consult with a qualified professional to determine if a circulation booster is appropriate for your needs.
